Ukusetyenziswa kweFiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) iidekhi zebhulorho ziguqula imbonakalo yomhlaba wokwakhiwa kwebhulorho.
Iibhulorho zemveli ezenziwe ngekhonkrithi eyomeleziweyo kunye nezakhiwo zentsimbi kudala zithwaxwa ngumhlwa kunye nokuthotywa kwekhonkrithi, kungekuphela nje ukucutha ubomi beebhulorho kodwa okunokukhokelela kwiingozi ezimandundu zokhuseleko. Lo mbandela unzima kakhulu kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni ezinoxinzelelo lwe-ion ye-chloride ephezulu, apho ukubola kweebhulorho kuyingxaki enkulu. Ke ngoko, ukuphucula ukuqina kweedekhi zebhulorho kube ngumngeni omkhulu kubunjineli beebhulorho.
I-FRP ithathwa njengesixhobo esifanelekileyo sokuphucula ukuqina kweebhulorho ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwesa kwayo okugqwesileyo. Iinkqubo zebhulorho ze-FRP ngokubanzi ziza kwiindidi ezimbini: zonke-izakhiwo ze-FRP kunye ne-FRP-concrete composite decks, kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-cross-sectional form. Xa kuthelekiswa nemigangatho yekhonkrithi eyomeleziweyo yemveli, iidekhi zeFRP zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi: zenziwe kwangaphambili kwiifektri, zikhaphukhaphu, kwaye zikhawuleza ukuzifaka; baxhathisa ngokufanelekileyo i-corrosion evela kwityuwa yomkhenkce, amanzi olwandle, kunye ne-chloride ion, ukunciphisa iindleko zokugcinwa; ubunzima babo bokukhanya bunciphisa umthwalo kwizakhiwo ezixhasayo; njenge-elastic material, banokubuyela kwimeko yabo yangaphambili phantsi komthwalo ogqithisiweyo ngamaxesha; kwaye banokusebenza kakuhle kokudinwa. Kwizinto ezisebenzayo, iinkqubo zedekhi ye-FRP azisetyenziswa kuphela kulwakhiwo lwebhulorho entsha kuphela kodwa zikwafanelekile kuhlaziyo lweebhulorho ezindala, endaweni yedekhi zekhonkrithi zemveli. Oku akunciphisi kuphela ubunzima bomgangatho kodwa kwandisa umthamo wokuthwala umthwalo kunye nokumelana nokubola kwebhulorho.
Iimpawu ezithwala imithwalo yeedekhi zebhulorho ze-FRP zibandakanya amaxesha okugoba, amandla okucheba, kunye noxinzelelo lwasekhaya. Idesika yonke ye-FRP ihlala inezikhumba eziphezulu nezisezantsi ze-FRP kunye newebhu, kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwesikhumba, ukuxinezeleka kolusu olusezantsi, kunye newebhu ngokuyintloko ixhathisa imikhosi yokucheba ngelixa idibanisa ulusu oluphezulu nasezantsi. Kwi-FRP-concrete / i-wood composite decks, ikhonkrithi okanye umthi ubekwe kwindawo yoxinzelelo, ngelixa i-FRP ikakhulu ithwala uxinzelelo. Imikhosi yokucheba phakathi kwabo idluliswa ngokusebenzisa izihlanganisi zokucheba okanye iindlela zokubambelela. Ngaphantsi kwemithwalo yendawo, iidekhi ze-FRP zifumana ukugoba, ukucheba ngenqindi, okanye ukutyumza amandla; imithwalo ye-asymmetric iphinda ivelise i-torsion kwicandelo. Njengoko i-FRP iyinto ye-anisotropic kunye ne-non-homogeneous, imilinganiselo yokusebenza komatshini kufuneka igqitywe ngoyilo lwe-laminate, okwenza uyilo lweedekhi ze-FRP zibe nzima, zifuna intsebenziswano esondeleyo phakathi kwabaqulunqi kunye nabanikezeli be-FRP abaqeqeshiweyo.
